Wildlife writer Jane Adams grew up in the suburbs, and vividly recalls the first time she shared her morning tea with the waking birds
The wren, whose song ‘packs a mighty machine-gun punch’
In the past, I didn’t understand why people got so excited about the dawn chorus. Wasn’t it just a bunch of birds singing ridiculously early in the morning? I grew up in a London suburb where the chirp of a house sparrow was as good as it got. Then we moved to the edge of a Dorset village. That first spring, I woke up every morning at 5am to close the window, half asleep. Not due to noisy builders, or dustmen, or someone digging up the road. It was birds. Just singing. One morning I had to get up at 4am for work, and I took my cuppa into the garden. And that’s when I experienced my first dawn chorus.
‘… the unexpectedly beautiful song of a little brown dunnock’
Confident and melodic, he belted his tune out into the darkness, followed soon after by the softly repeated lullaby of a wood pigeon. In the distance, a tawny owl hoo-hoo’d goodnight to his mate, followed a few seconds later by his partner’s kee-wick. The urgent song of a wren split the first rays of sunlight. As one of our smallest birds, its song packs a mighty machine-gun punch and it seemed to buoy other birds to join in. There was a robin, blue tits, great tits and a chaffinch I think. Then the repeated chant of a song thrush, and the unexpectedly beautiful song of a little brown dunnock (see video below left if, like me, you’re not sure – Ed). There were other tunes I didn’t recognise, and it didn’t matter. The sound rose and fell in waves, and, as it did, I shivered with pure pleasure and felt the hairs raise on the back of my neck.
That’s when I understood. These small feathered creatures weren’t singing for me, and they certainly weren’t trying to interrupt my sleep at 5am. They were singing for the chance to attract a mate, to establish their territories. They were singing for their futures, for their offspring, for their very lives. That’s why the dawn chorus is special. Why it matters. Just try to imagine a world without birds. Within fifteen minutes, it was nearly over, and I was left with just the intermittent chirp of a house sparrow.
Dawn Chorus events in Dorset:
Dorchester Dawn Chorus Walk 13th May 5 to 7am Dorchester walking festival Shillingstone, Blandford. Dawn Chorus Walk with Breakfast 13th May 4.30 to 6.30am The CRT Radipole Lake Nearly the Dawn Chorus with Breakfast Pastry 14th May 7 to 9am The RSPB Arne Not Quite the Dawn Chorus with Breakfast 7th, 13th and 21st May 7 to 9am The RSPB
More than a butcher – Rachael Rowe highlights Else’s vibrant barbecue, hog roast and catering enterprise celebrated for its exceptional quality
Roger Else opened Else Family Butchers on Stalbridge High Street in 1994. Roger’s son Julian and his wife Heidi added a successful outdoor catering side to the butchery 20 years ago, with hog roasts, lamb roasts, barbecues and also sit-down meals for both private and corporate clients. They took over the family business in 2012. ‘Obviously the butchery has always sold barbecue foods,’ says Julian. ‘We’ve recently taken things a step further. Broil King is an American company selling gas, pellet and charcoal barbecues. We’ve started doing demonstrations for them and selling their range. I also give butchery talks for them.’ An impressive barbecue is set up inside the shop, complete with a range of accessories – with the number of bank holiday celebrations this month, this feels like smart marketing.
Inside the Else Family Butchers shop All images: Rachael Rowe
Butchery and barbecue Julian says the barbecue standards are his year-round bestsellers – the homemade sausages and burgers don’t wait for barbecue season. ‘But we’ll do a lot of marinades and barbecue packs between now and the autumn. Our ‘3 for £10’ range is always very popular, and we people love our steaks (all hung for a minimum of 28 days). In the summer months the Tomahawk steak is massive hit for barbecues, and ribeye is a particular family favourite all year round. With such a barbecue-friendly core range, it just made sense to sell the barbecues, grills and accessories too.’
Julian Else
Talking hog (roast) Coincidentally, the BV team members – all attending separately – opted unanimously for an Else’s hog roast pork roll for lunch at the recent Spring Countryside Show. Else’s are a well-known stand at local fairs and events, and the queue is never short for their soft rolls filled with tender roasted pork, mouthwatering crackling, stuffing and apple sauce. It’s always worth the wait. ‘We have just come back from a weekend of hog roasts at Teddy Rocks, the charity three-day music festival in Blandford.’ says Julian. ‘We do a lot of corporate events, shows and we do private parties too. And for people organising their own catering we have the supplies instead – for the coronation weekend, for example, we have a brilliant barbecue pack and 10 per cent off our sausages. ’It’s a simple formula, you just start with the right basic ingredients. For us on the hog roast, that’s locally-produced free range pork. We get ours from Prestige Pork in Taunton. Our lamb is from Thornhill Farm here in Stalbridge. We have west country beef and the bacon comes from Wiltshire. You supporting local farmers. ‘The charcoal for the barbecues is ethical and local too, from Dorset Charcoal (see this month’s A Country Living to learn more).
Else’s year-round bestsellers are their homemade sausages and burgers
Tough in the high street Looking at the challenges of the business since he took over, Julian says simply staying put has been the most difficult. ‘It is hard to remain on the high street as an independent butcher, with all the competition. People have cut back for sure, everyone’s shopping to a budget now of course. But I would say that people should look at the price per kilo instead of the final price you see in a supermarket. It’s sometimes cheaper in your local butcher’s shop – and you always know exactly what you’re buying! COVID was really good for us, actually, because people had slowed down. They were taking the time to shop locally. ‘We’ve worked very hard over the last 30 years. When you hear the Else name, people associate it with quality food and good service. I’m proud of that. Along the way I’ve had the opportunity to work with my dad – not many people are that lucky. I’m also really proud of the way Heidi and I work as a team. Since she joined me she’s really taken the catering to the next level. But it’s the whole team that really makes us what we are – right down to the event servers and those handing out hog roast rolls in a windy field. Our reputation is built by every single member of the team; great service is so important to us. We don’t advertise, all our business is through recommendations.’
Julian now gives demonstrations and butchery talks for Broil King, and sells their range of barbecues and accessories
Not in Stalbridge… If you’re not a local to Stalbridge, Else’s also supply some local village shops: Okeford Fitzpaine Village Stores Old Chapel Stores, Buckland Newton Brewery Farm Shop, Ansty Robin Hill Stores, Marnhull Child Okeford Village Shop Red Barn, Hazelbury Bryan
The Thorngrove team are loving the seasonal rush of colour, and they’re ready to help you make the most of your garden says Kelsi-Dean Buck
The April showers have been keeping us on our toes; along with some last bits of chilly weather it’s sometimes been feeling like spring has struggled to get a foothold this season! When it’s been good, though, wow has it been good! We mentioned last month how nice it is to be properly back into gardening mode and that feeling definitely continues as we move into May. The spring colours have been really bringing the courtyard to life here at Thorngrove; we’re loving the geraniums, phlox, tulips and there’s also a range of bedding and basket plants in the form of petunias and more! We’ve been sharing some lovely photos and video on our social media so do come and give our pages on Facebook and Instagram a follow if you haven’t already. Our plant of the month for April was the lupins and these should be flowering very soon … along with the roses! The glasshouses are currently full of vegetable plants for your own veg garden – carrots, shallots, onions and such. Plus we have ready-made baskets, pots, troughs, garden ornaments and more instant spring garden additions.
Open Day Coming up in May here at Thorngrove – outside of the seasonal plants – we’re turning our attention to our Employ My Ability Open Days which will be taking place on the 16th and 17th of May. As many of our visitors will known, our garden centre also operates as a campus for young people with special educational needs and disabilities who study and gain valuable work experience here on site. Many of our students have become recognisable as a key part of the teams in our café, and garden centre shop. If you, or anyone you know, might benefit from a first hand look at the opportunities we offer, please do get in touch, or spread the word. We’ve love to welcome you on our open days and show you what EMA is all about.
May half term The ever-popular Children’s Crafts Days will return for May half term – keep an eye on our website and social media for full details on that. We’re open every bank holiday, and there’s always someone on hand to help you make the most of your garden space. Of course, The Secret Garden Café is waiting to serve you, too. The perfect stop in Gillingham this May. See you all soon!
It’s been an eventful calving season for George Hosford, with surprise outdoor deliveries, red calves, and eight born during a Six Nations match
Cows and calves enjoying some spring sunshine
This year’s calving romped along at a great pace. The 21 heifers all finished weeks ago, and are in the yards with their calves. The main herd started at the beginning of March and over the following weeks popped them out at a good rate. The busiest day saw eight born – and yes, of course it was a Saturday, during the Six Nations rugby tournament. Doug and Brendan had to sort and tag 10 calves on the day, before they got muddled and we lost sight of who belonged to which cow. The little fellow below demonstrates clearly why we decided to bring in a Hereford bull, Theo, as a change from our 100 per cent (black) Angus. He’s irresistible with that white face, red body and fluttery eyelashes. We didn’t really need to write the bull’s name on her tag, but it has become a habit, avoiding any embarrassing partnerships two years down the line when we bring new heifers into the herd. Our other bull, Mr Red, is a recessive Red Angus, and he has produced some lovely coloured calves too, bringing even more visual variety into the herd. It will take a cleverer person than I, though, to properly explain the genetics of the recessive Red Angus. Suffice to say he will throw calves of different colours depending on the colour genes carried by the mother!
One of new Hereford bull Theo’s ‘irresistible calves with white faces, red bodies and fluttery eyelashes’.
Surprise deliveries Recently we had to turf out a pen full of cows into a nearby paddock so that we could use their pen for sorting out the youngstock. They have been outdoors all winter, but have now run out of grub, having worked their way across all the cover crop fields, munching off the mixed species covers at approx 1.2 hectares per day. This meant that we could, in theory, get on and sow the barley that will follow the cover crop – except that the unusually wet March prevented any tractor action in the fields for weeks. The youngstock were heading one way, out to a field where we could feed them silage, and the older cows were heading across the farm towards the river meadows, where there is a little new grass. While the cows were outside, enjoying a very thin bite of grass on a brisk day, two of them decided to calve. Just two hours I left them alone …
The handler must be washed between moving muck and grain
Wet tyres at short notice The cows get mucked out a couple of times during the winter (to make sure they don’t end up jumping over the gates or banging their heads on the roof of their shed …). The muck gets hauled out to the fields, where it will be composted with woodchip, anaerobic digestate and maybe some green trimmings before being spread as fertiliser in the autumn. It can be tricky juggling the handler if we have muck to move and grain lorries to load because you can’t just drive from the cow shed, covered in muck, to the grain store (see image above right). It takes at least half an hour to wash it thoroughly, and then the grain will stick to the tyres if they’re still wet. They’ll then carry the grain outside and spread it all over the yard. Because of this, we do try to avoid mucking out when lorries are due. However, some of the grain merchants can be a bit ‘short notice’ with their collections (or perhaps it is the haulier, it’s hard to tell). One unfortunate driver had to wait rather too long recently after a misunderstanding with his boss. We had cows temporarily outside, making a field muddy, and the clock was ticking for getting the mucking out finished before dark. The new straw bedding needed to be spread before the handler could be released for washing and loading – and yes, then it had wet tyres anyway.
Goat willow The 22/23 winter hedge planting campaign has at last drawn to a close. Our target was 1,700 metres of new hedge, plus a quantity of gapping up where we’ve coppiced off some old and gappy hedge under our Stewardship scheme. With the aid of a team of very keen helpers from Durweston, and others from Bristol, we’ve managed to plant around 12,000 plants, as the weather has allowed, over the winter months. Most of it needed fencing in to keep cattle and marauding deer out! That kept Gary and Brendan busy, when crops and cattle allowed, for weeks. It is great to see that some of the earliest planted whips are already leafing up and flowering. The ‘pussy willow’ catkins of the Goat Willow looked good but are now fully leafed. The cat paw-like catkins indicate a male plant, and it is to be hoped that we also planted some female ones, so that fertilisation and fruiting may occur. The female flowers are far less showy, but do offer plenty of nectar to attract insects that, with luck, will bear the pollen on their bodies in order to successfully pollinate.
A welcome new guest in the barn
A new barn guest Hopefully, we’ll have fewer mouse problems in the combine this year. Who knows where the character in the image below came from? But he’s welcome to stay. Together with the resident owl, his presence will hopefully result in reduced rodent pressure for us!
Help us to celebrate this moment in history with our community and volunteers. Enjoy delicious treats, take part in a tombola, browse patient crafts, play bingo & learn about our volunteering opportunities.
The Vale Pantry in Sturminster Newton is a new breed of community service, offering food and practical help to those who are struggling
Tucked away in a back street of Stur is the Vale Pantry. The vibrant little community supermarket currently supports 360 families and opens its doors six days a week to all those who find themselves struggling to manage. Forty willing volunteers work cheerfully, offering not just an affordable full shopping basket but a listening ear, empathy and practical support too. Some ask how hard can it really be – it’s just a shop, after all. Deliveries in, stack the shelves and send people on their way with the means to make some meals. Local councillor Carole Jones has been involved with the Pantry since its inception, and she’s keen to explain why ‘just a shop’ couldn’t be further from the truth. Says Carole:
As I try and bring you along for a pretty standard week at the Pantry, perhaps think about how many individual items we need* – excluding fruit and veg – to do what we do on a weekly basis. Our van is off the road this week. We rather suspect it didn’t know what it had signed up for – and is formally protesting. But we had committed to collecting much-needed supplies (donated by a foodbank, if you can believe it), so the first job of the week is to persuade a merry band of cars to collect a haul of staples: beans, tomatoes and anything else that is offered. These are then distributed around the various businesses that kindly allow us storage space!
Inside the Vale Pantry
Strawberry love While chatting to one customer who is in desperate need of a Citizen’s Advice appointment, a call comes in from the shop – we haven’t any carrots left. We can’t be without, of course, so carrots are promptly purchased. As we finish storing the last of the foodbank donation, the phone goes again – this time it’s an elderly customer struggling to find (and afford) a much-needed chiropodist. We can help with that. While on the phone, we’re also asked to contact the church to try cutting the trees. I will admit we are many things, but oddly, tree surgeon is not on the list. The evening team of collectors from the local supermarkets is out in force across the area throughout the week. I get a call at 9pm: ‘I’m at Tesco – they have offered us 400 punnets of in-date Strawberries. Do we want them?’ A big fat yes please, obviously – who knew you could be so excited about strawberries? However, the volunteer there to collect them drives a tiny Smart car; possibly the least likely vehicle on the road to transport 400 punnets of strawberries. The next morning The Pantry looks like Spitalfields fruit market. I wonder how on earth we are going to get rid of this many strawberries. We have the busiest morning of the week, the sun is shining, we are rocking the strawberries … but the stack doesn’t appear to be diminishing. We decide to head to Nazareth Lodge to share the strawberry love. The car is already loaded with food to deliver to those without transport, but we can’t simply drive past those who we know would appreciate a few strawberries – the bin man, the local lollipop lady and the little lady walking her dog all get a punnet. Next stop is Sherborne, to the couple who collect from Waitrose for us. We talk about a homeless man – he gets well looked after by the locals with food, he has a phone, £500 in his pocket from selling The Big Issue (this is what modern day homelessness looks like) and he has a pleasant disposition. But no one will give him a roof over his head. Our volunteers put the call in to me, and within 48hrs we help change this chap’s life. Next there’s a Pantry member who is expected to find a way to get to his mental health appointment some 15 miles away. He has no transport – how does he do this without help? We go back and pick him up – and on the way we pick up five trays of bread from Sainsburys and 40 dozen eggs from the farm that supplies us. We pass through Henstridge, and know that visitors to the Honesty Jar would love some of the strawberries and bread, so we drop some in on the way through. Then it’s time to get the evening orders in for the shop tomorrow – and while we’re doing it, a local grandmother puts a shout out for some premature-sized nappies that she can’t find. We can do that too. Suddenly it’s 7pm – but Tom at the Marnhull Spar is always good for coffee …
Cllr Carole Jones outside the Vale Pantry
Posh turkeys Next day, a local school trip had perfect timing – more strawberries gone! It’s also the day our visitors with disabilities come and load our shelves. One of the young men with autism loves to bag the bread rolls outside, come rain or shine. He also loves the pizza he takes home for tea! We mentor a young girl in the shop. She has been challenged by the care system, and she is a bag-full of mischief, but she had a wonderful breakthrough this week. For the first time in her life she cooked an entire meal! The week doesn’t end there – in fact it’s a bit of a turkey. The Dorset Meat Company has a donation for us (we’ll not discuss the sat nav taking us to a coffin maker instead!). We had presumed a car would be fine to collect 20 turkeys; but no. These are posh turkeys, all in boxes with thermometers. Jamie Oliver, no less. Thankfully the van is now back on the road, so we can at least transport them. A call goes in to one of our volunteers (who thought she was safe starting to unwind for the weekend) – we have 20 turkeys with no homes! We can do this. The almost 5kg turkeys are a family affair, so the calls begin. A few can collect, but for most, money for fuel is tight. How many meals can they get out of a turkey? And what a treat … So we go again, but instead of strawberries it’s Turkeys on Tour. Thankfully we leave the birds with some very happy families who are planning their first weekend roast in a while. Of course, on top of the constant treadmill of food in and out, there is the invisible, out-of-hours work. Bids and grants need applying for, a seemingly never-ending job (it’s expensive to run the Pantry). But thanks to the team this week, two families are now getting some much-needed wrap-around care, eight members have had face to face appointments with a fabulous Citizen’s Advisor and a new freezer was purchased with the help of the Rotary Club. We simply couldn’t do this without the help of the whole community.
Two volunteers with the Pantry Van
Run entirely by volunteers, the Vale Pantry offers memberships to any family that is struggling financially. Members may visit once a week and pay £6 on each visit before choosing the food they would like for the week ahead. The foods available include fresh fruit and veg, chilled and frozen produce and store cupboard essentials. A typical weekly shop taken home is worth between £25 and £50. For more details, email [email protected] or call 07968 348481
*The answer is 3,264. That’s the number of items we need weekly, not including fruit and veg.
The last of the crops are only just harvested, but Barry Cuff is already eating fresh salad as he watches the new crop begin
Fresh salads: spicy leaf mixes and tender pea shoots from the greenhouse, lettuce and radish from under cloches. Image: Barry Cuff
We had very varied weather all through April with a blackthorn winter* setting in mid month to coincide with the flowering of the bushes. But it was not as cold as some years, despite winds from the North and East, and there were fewer frosts than usual. The coldest occurred on the 4th April, and this one killed our skulkers.** We rely on these for a few early meals of new potatoes; they are left in the ground to dig as required unless they are in the way of any new crop sowing and planting. However, within 20 days of the frost, new growth had appeared and as the ground is not required till early June we hope to have new spuds ahead of the 2023 planted crop! Apart from a few wet days we were able to work on the plot with no damage to the soil. By the third week of April we had harvested the last of our 2022 vegetables, the leeks, parsnips and purple sprouting broccoli. We now have to rely on stored produce; beans and peas from the freezer and squash, onions and potatoes from the garage. We still have small amounts of six potato varieties – Picasso, Elfe, Sagitta, Charlotte, Royal and Rooster – and all are still in good condition. Our onions should last to around the middle of May, but we cut into our last Crown Prince squash. Still in perfect condition, it was excellent roasted.
A new season For salads we have spicy leaf mixes and tender pea shoots from the greenhouse and are cropping lettuce (Little Gem) and radish (French Breakfast) which are growing under cloches. We have potted up about 60 tomatoes in the greenhouses. These were sown on the 14th and we pricked them out on the 25th March. We have now sown celery, celeriac, chervil, parsley, leeks and Brussels sprouts in the greenhouse. The onions sown in March are ready for planting out – just as soon as the weather warms up! On the plot, the broad beans are in flower and we have sown two lines of peas plus some carrot and beetroot. All of our potatoes apart from the earlies were planted during the month. Hopefully May will bring warmer weather – it is one of the main months for establishing this year’s crop.
*an old English name for a spell of cold weather in spring or early summer, when the blackthorn is flowering ** skulkers are ‘volunteer’ potatoes accidentally left in the ground from the previous year.
Dorset’s ancient hill forts may offer stunning views to their thousands of visitors, but they bring a challenge for farmers. By Andrew Livingston
Eggardon Hill at sunset
With the King’s Coronation, the month of May this year has three Bank Holiday Mondays. Many will spend these days in the pub, some will head to the beaches … and a lot will flock to visit some of Dorset’s most famous landmarks – the hill forts. Dorset’s hill ranges were once home to Iron Age settlers who built on the high ground to defend against invaders. These landmarks are popular with visitors –usually offering easy access, stunning views and an opportunity to connect with Dorset’s ancient history. The hills are farmed as they have been for thousands of years. As the weather improves, more and more locals and tourists will visit the hill forts – but, like those earlier invaders, they can be unwanted guests for the farmers. ‘It’s a hard piece of land to farm,’ says Cameron Farquharson, the tenant farmer of Eggardon Hill. ‘When we had that Beast from the East, we had about a metre of snow because of the drifting. You just couldn’t get to animals, and for us, it was a nine-mile round trip. Eggardon is a complete nightmare.’ Eggardon Hill, just off the A35 between Bridport and Dorchester, could lay claim to the best hill fort views in the county. However, the combination of its 252-metre elevation above sea level and the steep land decline toward the coast might create staggering vistas – but also means that it’s entirely open to the elements. ‘You’ve always got a wind. Even on the hottest day, ‘ says Cameron. ‘Last year we were having temperatures of 40º but there was always that breeze – it was like roasting in a fan oven!’
Gladis’s Law Archaeological work in the 1960s on the National Trust site revealed burial mounds (also known as bowl barrows) that date back as far as the Bronze Age. For visitors, the attraction at the top of Eggardon Hill is the Iron Age earth ramparts that are still visible. ‘‘Obviously no machinery is allowed to work on that particular piece of ground and animals have to graze it in a certain way. The cows are on it spring and summer and then we have the sheep up there from October through to 1st March.’ For 16 years Cameron has run his sheep and Highland Cattle over Eggardon Hill, and during that time he acknowledges his single biggest issue has been with the general public. ‘We’ve always lost sheep to dog-worrying – we used to lose maybe three or four sheep a year to it. But the winter just gone, I’ve lost 23 sheep and ewes that were in lamb. The year before that we lost 17 and the year before that we lost 19. My losses have suddenly grown since lockdown.’ Cameron has been vocal in the media since one of his Highland cows died due to dog worrying in 2021. ‘Gladis hit the national headlines. She was chased by dogs – two Labradors, so witnesses said – and she went over the top of the embankment. Of course, she went down, heavy in calf, and broke her neck. ‘That’s the next step above the sheep; there’s always problems but there has never been an issue with the cattle before.’ Since then, Cameron has been campaigning for the laws to be changed to ensure dogs are kept on a lead when in fields with livestock. The Bill is currently being discussed in Parliament and Cameron hopes it will shortly pass into law.
Cameron Farquharson with Gladis, who was heavy in calf when chased off an embankment on Eggardon Hill by two uncontrolled dogs – both Gladis and her calf died
A human problem Unfortunately, dogs aren’t the only problems on Eggardon Hill. Cameron and his family have also had issues with members of the public – predominantly, in his experience, with older people, who, he says, are often ‘disrespectful towards the ground and the livestock. ‘We’ve had walking sticks smacked over our quad bike, smashing the light. We’ve been spat at. We’ve been sworn at … not just me, it’s also aimed at my children. ‘I love Eggardon Hill. It’s very similar to where I grew up in Scotland, a rugged, rough piece of ground. But at the end of the day, I can’t afford to farm it when it causes these losses and this much trouble. ‘If I could find another piece of land in Dorset, I’d be gone,’ he says.
The badges North-east of Shaftesbury, in the small village of Fovant just over the border in South Wiltshire, there is an iron-age fort, like Eggardon, that would once have been home to a settlement. Chiselbury Camp hill fort is more than 10 acres in size, 200 meters above sea level. Chiselbury, however, is not the landmark that visitors come to see on this hill. As you drive on the A30 between Shaftesbury and Salisbury you will see the peculiar sight of large regimental badges carved into the hill chalk. The badges were initially created during WWI. Soldiers were garrisoned in the fields outside the village in 1916, and they carved their own regimental insignias into the hillside as they waited to go to France to fight. Twenty badges originally stood on the hillside, and nine remain today. Every year, a Drumhead Service is held there on the closest Sunday to the 1st July – the first day of the Battle of the Somme in 1916. Edward William’s family have owned East Farm, whose land includes Chiselbury Camp hill fort and the badges, since 1961. He explained that the badges were recently classified as ancient monuments. ‘They’re looked after and maintained by the Fovant Badges Society. But as they are now classed as ancient monuments they are ultimately in the hands of English Heritage. No one is allowed to touch them, even for maintenance, without detailed permission from English Heritage.
Fovant badges
‘Fovant Badges [Society] have a rolling contract for their upkeep. They’ll submit their plan for which badges are to be cleaned or re-chalked, and English Heritage has to approve it before any work starts. ‘We just run cattle along the side of the downs – it’s too steep to do anything else with it. If you walk on the footpath through the badges they look like nothing at all. Each one is about half to three-quarters of an acre. When they re-chalk one – every three or four years –they need to transport 30 tonnes of chalk for each one.’ The badges are maintained each year in June, in preparation for the Drumhead Service, at a cost of £30,000 a year to the Society.
