How Dorset Wildlife Trust is restoring ponds, protecting species and tackling biodiversity loss with the help of the Species Survival Fund
Dorset Wildlife Trust received government funding last year to revitalise over 500 hectares of habitats – including woodlands and ponds – across 18 sites in Dorset. The funding, part of the Species Survival Fund, aims to halt and reverse the decline in species abundance by preserving vital habitats and creating nature-rich landscapes.
The UK’s rain-soaked landscapes provide ideal conditions for wetlands – dynamic ecosystems where water meets dry land. These habitats support a rich diversity of species, including dragonflies, damselflies, wading birds such as curlew and snipe, carnivorous plants, and fluttering butterflies. Historically, wetlands covered a substantial part of the UK landscape. Before Roman times, as much as 25 per cent of the British Isles may have been wetlands. However, modern development, agriculture, and drainage have drastically reduced their extent, leaving them to cover just three per cent of the UK today.
Wetlands are vital ecosystems, yet many in Dorset and across the UK are in decline or poor condition. Dorset Wildlife Trust is working to expand and revitalise wetlands across several of its nature reserves with government support.
Understanding wetlands
Wetlands are dynamic ecosystems, varying in size and shape, and defined by the presence of water – still or flowing – for extended periods. They may contain freshwater, brackish, acidic, or saltwater and act as vital transitional zones between land and water. Their distinctive soils and vegetation are specially adapted to saturated conditions.
Healthy wetlands provide critical benefits, including carbon storage, flood mitigation and rich plant life that offers shelter, nurseries and breeding grounds for wildlife.
As environmental challenges intensify, restoring and protecting wetlands is vital for biodiversity and human wellbeing.
Through the Species Survival Fund project, Dorset Wildlife Trust is working to restore and create new wetlands across nine of its nature reserves, including Brownsea Island, Lyscombe, Peascombe, and Nunnery Mead. This network will help wildlife move across the landscape, meeting their needs during different life stages and seasons.
One example is Brooklands Farm, Dorset Wildlife Trust’s headquarters, where a well-established pond is home to great crested newts, a protected species. Maintaining such habitats is essential, as ponds can quickly become overgrown with vegetation. To ensure light reaches the water’s surface and encourages aquatic plant growth, willows around the pond edge are carefully pruned. This work is timed for late autumn and winter to minimise disturbance, ensuring it takes place after the breeding season and once juvenile newts have migrated to land.
The clearance has reduced the number of dominating species around the pond edge, allowing a variety of other, less aggressive, plant species to flourish, including marginals such as native water-forget-me-nots which are already present but need a helping hand to become more established.
These provide a great place for species like the great crested newt to lay their eggs, and when in flower add a splash of colour to pond edges.
This intervention is needed because, before humans changed our landscapes by parcelling up land with boundaries, wild ponds would have a diverse mix of wildlife coming to their edges to drink, feed, bathe and hunt. The larger mammals visiting would trample and graze the vegetation, maintaining the open areas of the pond edge. Wetland restoration and creation, then, combined with traditional habitat management techniques, are crucial for preserving biodiversity, improving water quality, and mitigating climate change in Dorset. Success relies on collaborative efforts between government bodies, conservation organisations and local communities.
The Species Survival Fund initiative is funded by the Government’s Species Survival Fund, developed by Defra and its Arm’s-Length Bodies. It is delivered by The National Lottery Heritage Fund in partnership with Natural England and the Environment Agency.